New DOL Wage Investigation Policy Change Cuts Financial Risk

The Department of Labor (DOL) has quietly issued a wage investigation policy change that could significantly reduce the financial impact of the agency’s administrative investigations.

It was released during a busy news cycle focused on the negotiations and passage of President Trump’s “One Big Beautiful Bill,” so many finance leaders may have missed it.

Despite the timing, the change has significant financial implications and deserves attention. 

The update limits when the agency can seek liquidated damages under the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA), removing a key cost multiplier for employers during administrative investigations. 

What Changed in the DOL Wage Investigation Policy?

Effective June 27, 2025, the DOL’s Field Assistance Bulletin No. 2025-3 restricts the Wage and Hour Division’s (WHD) ability to impose liquidated damages during administrative investigations.

Importantly, the wage investigation policy change is not retroactive. Settlements reached before this change remain subject to the previous rules.

Under the updated wage investigation policy, liquidated damages – a penalty equal to the unpaid wages – can now only be sought once a case proceeds to litigation.

This marks a significant shift from past practice, where employers faced immediate demands for back wages plus an equal amount in damages to settle wage and hour disputes – doubling the cost of resolution even before reaching a courtroom.

In practical terms, finance teams gain clearer visibility and control over wage and hour liabilities during settlements, aiding more accurate budgeting and cash flow management.

The Cost of Wage Errors: Lessons from Recent Cases

According to the DOL’s FY 2024 report, the agency recovered nearly $150 million in back wages for over 125,000 workers last year. These figures underscore the potential scale of exposure for employers.

Here are examples of recent case settlements before the new wage investigation policy took effect, highlighting the financial impact of paying out double for damages:

• A Cincinnati logistics company paid $56,884 to settle overtime miscalculations for 234 workers. The amount included unpaid wages plus an equal liquidated damages penalty.
• A Florida contractor settled for nearly $600,000 over a time rounding error, with liquidated damages doubling the back wage amount.
• A global security provider paid more than $1.1 million after a WHD investigation found improper meal break deductions, with liquidated damages matching back pay owed.

These cases show how wage and hour compliance issues, even if small individually, can rapidly scale, creating substantial financial risk. The new policy limits these costs by removing automatic damages during the DOL’s administrative investigations.

Next Steps for Finance Leaders

To take advantage of the DOL’s policy shift and reduce potential liabilities, finance leaders should:

• Review outstanding wage issues and consider early resolution while liquidated damages are off the table in administrative investigations.
• Partner with legal and payroll teams to ensure pay practices and classifications are accurate, minimizing future exposure.
• Implement regular monitoring and auditing processes to detect wage compliance gaps proactively before they trigger investigations.
• Model potential cost savings by comparing past settlements or investigations to what could be achieved under the DOL’s new wage investigation policy.

Long-Term Financial Risk Management Considerations

While the policy reduces financial exposure during administrative investigations, significant risks remain.

• Liquidated damages may still apply if cases proceed to litigation, risking doubled penalties.
• State agencies may enforce wage laws differently, resulting in varying financial obligations.
• Administrative investigations can still trigger civil penalties beyond liquidated damages.
• Future regulatory changes could restore broader enforcement, increasing liability.

With double damages off the table in the administrative phase, there is a clear opportunity to resolve cases on more favorable financial terms. Companies that act quickly can close the agency’s administrative investigations with less financial exposure and greater certainty.